http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horror_film
This is the definition given by Wikipedia. 'Their plots frequently involve themes of death, the supernatural or mental illness. Many horror movies also include a central villain.' This is true because any viewer who intentionally watches a horror film, know and slightly hope they will be scared.
There are many different elements to a horror film that make it scary. For example, either having a really graphic, gory film where everything is shown freely, or having a subtle film where nothing is shown and there is a slight mystery.
Both can be quite chilling and both can have a positive or negative effect on the audience, depending on your aims as a film-maker.
We did some research into horror films by looking and the opening sequence of 3 other horror style films; 'Shrooms', 'The Blair Witch Project' and 'Se7en'. These films helped us to gather knowledge about the type of shots needed to create a certain atmosphere within the footage. For example, the shot of the girls feet running through leaves in 'Shrooms', or the handheld camera shots of people running away from something in 'The Blair Witch Project'. These pieces of footage both represent danger as the characters in both films are running away from something, and the fact that as an audience, we don't know what they are running away from, it keeps an element if fear and unknown in the atmosphere surrounding the film.

A still from The Blair Witch Project, where the characters are running away from something.

A still from Shrooms, the shot of her feet running through the forest. Disembodied and unknown.
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